Language Arts · Sentence Structure

Subjects & Predicates

Every sentence is built from two parts working together. Learn to spot the part that names who or what the sentence is about, and the part that tells what happens — then try it yourself.

Part 01

Every sentence has two parts

A complete sentence always answers two questions: Who or what is this about? and What about it? The first part is the subject. The second part is the predicate.

The brown puppy chased its tail.
Subject Predicate
Subject

The brown puppy

Names who or what the sentence is about.

+
Predicate

chased its tail

Tells what the subject is or does.

Quick check

Snap a sentence in half. The half that names someone or something is the subject. The half that tells what they did is the predicate.

Part 02

The subject

The complete subject is every word that helps name who or what the sentence is about. Tucked inside it is the simple subject — the one main noun or pronoun, with no extra describing words.

My noisy little brother hid under the table.
Complete subject brother = simple subject

Find the simple subject

Ask: who or what did the action? In "My noisy little brother hid," the one doing the hiding is brother. The words my, noisy, little just describe him.

Part 03

The predicate

The complete predicate is every word that tells what the subject is or does. Inside it is the simple predicate — the verb, the action or "being" word at the heart of the sentence.

The whole class cheered for the winning team.
Complete predicate cheered = simple predicate (verb)

Find the simple predicate

Ask: what did the subject do? The class cheered. That verb is the simple predicate. The rest — for the winning team — adds detail.

Part 04

Find the dividing line

Every sentence has a spot where the subject ends and the predicate begins — usually right before the verb. Try it: tap the button to reveal the two parts.

A bright yellow kite floated high above the park.

The trick

Read the sentence and find the verb (the action word). Everything from the start up to the verb is the subject. The verb and everything after it is the predicate.

Part 05

Draw it: sentence diagramming

A sentence diagram is a picture of how a sentence fits together. The oldest kind puts the simple subject and the simple predicate on one long baseline, split by a tall vertical line down the middle. That vertical line is the same dividing line from Part 04 — it always separates the subject side from the predicate side.

The brave diver leaped boldly.
COMPLETE SUBJECT COMPLETE PREDICATE diver leaped the dividing line The brave boldly

Why the line crosses

The tall line cuts all the way through the baseline on purpose: it marks the split between who or what (left) and what they do (right). The short slanted lines hold the describing words, which lean on the word they describe.

Part 06

Watch out for these

The subject is not always the very first word, and a few sentence types like to play tricks.

Commands

"Close the door."

The subject is a hidden you. It means "(You) close the door."

There / Here

"There are cookies."

The real subject is cookies, even though it comes after the verb.

Stay grounded

When a sentence feels tricky, always go back to the verb and ask who or what is doing it. That answer is your subject, wherever it sits in the sentence.

Your Turn!

Spot the subject

Read each sentence, then tap every word that belongs to the complete subject. Tap a word again to unselect it. When you're ready, check your answer.

Sentence 1 of 5 0 correct
Tap every word in the complete subject — the part that names who or what the sentence is about.
5 / 5

Sentence master!

You found every subject. Nice work!